Abstract
Ionizing radiation has been applied in several areas of knowledge, among them the study of the radiomodifier activity of natural substances. These substances can modify the cellular response to the damage induced by the radiation. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the radiomodifier action of Pityrocarpa moniliformis extract on Biomphalaria glabrata embryos exposed to 60Co gamma radiation. Initially, toxicity tests were performed on the extract against the B. glabrata embryos for the choice of concentration that did not cause death and embryonic malformation. Then, the antioxidant activity of the P. moniliformis extract with flavonoids and phenolic compounds was evaluated by means of the ABTS method. To evaluate the radiomodifier activity of the extract, embryos were selected in the blastula stage and irradiated with 7.5 Gy in a 60Co source (gammacell-Co60). Then, the embryos were exposed for 24 h to the extract of P. moniliformis at a concentration of 250 μg/mL. The results showed that the extract of P. moniliformis presents flavonoids and enzymatic inhibition by ABTS, which demonstrates the presence of antioxidant compounds. However, the tests of the radiomodifier activity did not present radioprotective effect for embryos exposed to ionizing radiation.
Highlights
Ionizing radiation is the electromagnetic wave or high energy particle that, when interacting with the absorber medium, has the property of transferring, in whole or in part, energy to the atoms and molecules of the medium, resulting in the phenomenon known as ionization [1]
Through the ABTS method, the aqueous extract of P. moniliformis demonstrated the ability to sequester free radicals. This finding is compatible with those observed by Silva [15], who evaluated the antioxidant activity of P. moniliformis through the DPPH method
The results found in this work were similar to those demonstrated by Siqueira et al [18], where it was observed that after exposure to ionizing radiation embryos of B glabrata, in the presence of the aqueous extract of the Anacardium occidentale leaf, an increase in the frequency of unviable embryos occurred and that this effect possibly was caused by the potentiation of the activity of secondary metabolites of embryotoxic action present in the medium
Summary
Ionizing radiation is the electromagnetic wave or high energy particle that, when interacting with the absorber medium, has the property of transferring, in whole or in part, energy to the atoms and molecules of the medium, resulting in the phenomenon known as ionization [1]. The incidence of ionizing radiation can compromise the functioning of a cell, because, when interacting with the biological system, there is the frequent formation of free radicals that, being unstable and highly reactive, are considered the main responsible for the cellular damage caused by radiation [2]. There is great difficulty in finding evidence that a given organic change is the exclusive consequence of exposure to ionizing radiation [3]. Another important issue is that the effects of ionizing radiation depend, among other factors, on the total dose and dose rate at which the organism was exposed [4]. There is a latent period before the detection of any response where it can be prolonged for decades, when exposed to low doses of radiation occurs, or for a very short period of time (minutes or hours), if it occurs in high doses and/or high rates, making the radiation effects difficult to observe [5]
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