Abstract
The methods and results of laboratory modeling of processes in clay soils contaminated with oily substances are reviewed: on samples, on one-dimensional and three-dimensional physical models. Laboratory facili- ties, the procedure for conducting experiments and processing their results are described. The possibility of a point and integral forecast of the degree of soil contamination by the results of measurements of its electrical re- sistance is confirmed. The dynamics of changes in porosity, humidity, and particle size distribution of oil-contaminated soils during electric treatment as a result of thermal and osmotic effects by comparing direct measure- ment data and electrophysical monitoring using a system of micro-sensors was revealed. A comparison of the results of the electric treatment of clean soil, contaminated with liquid and viscous oil products is given.
Highlights
One of the most common pollutants is oil and petroleum products
In the absence of emergency situations, oil pollution of soils occurs in mass volumes
The main objectives of the experimental studies were as follows: - Study the change patterns in the physical properties of soil during electroosmotic cleaning up from oil pollution; - Study the physical parameters of the soil being cleaned; - Study electrocoagulation processes that contribute to the transition of petroleum products into a solid state
Summary
One of the most common pollutants is oil and petroleum products. In the absence of emergency situations, oil pollution of soils occurs in mass volumes. In the mining and coal processing enterprises of Kuzbass, such events occur at stationary and mobile fuel and oil filling stations, fuel and lubricant warehouses, and a significant number of contaminations occur in the soil foundations of existing buildings and structures, which complicates or eliminates their mechanical removal for decontamination [1]. Modern studies conducted by various organizations are aimed at the development of physicochemical [3, 4], biological [5, 6, 7] decontamination methods or their combination [8, 9]. It is emphasized that with the exposure to point (local) sources of pollutant emission the importance of monitoring methods increases (location of pollution zones, control of changes in the concentration of ecotoxicant) [10, 11]
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