Study of the Physical and Physiological Response of the Madura as a Breeding Source (Case Study in Waru Sub-District, Pamekasan District)

Abstract

The study aimed to determine the physical and physiological response of the Madura bull as a breeding source. This study used 30 Madura bulls aged >12-24 months at Waru Sub District, Pamekasan District. The physical evaluation was performed including qualitative and quantitative characteristics. Physiological response was evaluated based on rectal temperature, respiration rate, and pulse rate. Physiological status measurements were carried out in the morning, day, and afternoon. This study used descriptive methods and direct observation. The results showed that qualitative characteristics of Madura bulls including color, ear shape, horn, tail tip warrants, back shape, leg shape and muzzle color already followed the SNI standards for the Madura beef cattle. According to quantitative characteristics, Madura bulls have 157 cm ± 12,6 chest circumference, 121 cm ± 10,8 body length, and 118,83 cm ± 7,21 height on average. These measurements were above the minimum standards set by SNI for the Madura beef cattle. The average temperature rectal of Madura Bull in the morning, day and afternoon were 37.5⁰ C ± 0,46, 38.6⁰ C ± 0,49 and 38.2⁰C ± 0,42 respectively. The average pulse rate of Madura Bull in the morning, day and afternoon were 60.8 ± 0,37, 68.6 ± 4,01, and 65.6 ± 0,67 times per minute respectively. Respiration rate of Madura Bull in the morning, day and afternoon were 19 ± 0,25, 35.6 ± 2,11 and 25.7 ± 0,67 times per minute. Generally, the physiological status of Madura Bull including temperature rectal, pulse rate, and respiration rate were in normal conditions.
 Keywords: Madura Cattle, Bull, Physical, Physiological Response