Abstract
A mathematical model of the process of operation of a hydraulic diaphragm mortar pump has been developed. It is aimed to describe the processes occurring during automatic reciprocating motion of the hydraulic cylinder piston under the action of high-pressure oil. Oil flows are formed using a hydraulic distributor. Eight phases of the solution pump cycle were identified. The use of a hydraulic drive in this mortar pump allows one to get rid of the main drawback inherent in mortar pumps with a reciprocating drive mechanism. This drawback consists in the sinusoidal law of the piston velocity variation. As a result, there is a significant pulsation of the mortar supply pressure. Uniformity of velocity of the hydraulic cylinder during the working cycle helps reduce the level of pulsations and improve technical, economic and operational characteristics of the mortar pump. Knowledge of the mathematical model of the hydraulic cylinder provides for a better understanding of operational parameters such as: – sucking capacity of the mortar pump; – the nature of response of the valves for opening and closing; – the mechanism of formation of reverse mortar leaks at the closure of valves; – the mechanism of formation of the level of volumetric efficiency of the mortar pump; – the degree of uniformity of pulsations in the mortar supply pressure. The results obtained from the theoretical relationships were confirmed experimentally.
Highlights
At present stage of development of Ukrainian building industry, plastering as the part of construction process cycle continues to be characterized by considerable complexity, duration and labor input
That is why improvement of productivity and quality of finishing works as well as smaller proportion of manual labor in modern construction can be achieved through the introduction of new mechanized job practices with a reduced number of operations
This can be realized by means of elimination of rather significant process breaks connected with manual layered application of plaster on the treated surfaces of building structures
Summary
At present stage of development of Ukrainian building industry, plastering as the part of construction process cycle continues to be characterized by considerable complexity, duration and labor input. In some cases, when mortar pumps of existing designs are used for applying plaster mixtures [1, 2] on construction structures, residual pulsations of supply pressure take place at the main line exit This leads to a loss of plastering mortar which no longer has necessary spraying properties after its bouncing from the plastered surfaces and falling on the floor. In order to ensure uniform spraying of the mortar during plastering in existing practice, the use of very energy-intensive compressor installations is necessary These units supply compressed air that disperses particles of the plaster mixture coming from the compressor nozzle. These parameters influence velocity of the moving mortar pump parts, so a problem arises to determine mathematical dependence of velocity of the hydraulic cylinder piston on time and pressure in individual sections of the mortar pump
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