Study of the morphological and anatomic signs of the flowers of the chrysanthemum hortorum bailey sort pectoral (pharmacognostic analysis)

Svitlana Marchyshyn,Myroslava Harnyk,Olha Polonets

doi:10.15587/2519-4852.2020.210828

Abstract

The aim. To study of the morphological and anatomical features of the structure of inflorescences of Chrysanthemum × hortorum Bailey, variety Pectoral.Materials and methods. The inflorescences of Chrysanthemum × hortorum Bailey, cultivar Pectoral were used for the analysis. The raw materials were harvested in the phase of mass flowering of plants in September-October 2019 at the experimental plots of the department of floral and ornamental plants of the National Botanical Garden named after M.M. Grishko of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in Kyiv.Results. The investigated inflorescences are represented by bright orange double baskets, consisting of seated semiflorets and disk flowers arranged spirally on a convex bare anthoclinium. The involucrum of Chrysanthemum × hortorum Bailey inflorescences of the Pectoral variety has a dense structure with elongated leathery leaves. The marginal flowers of the anthodium are red-orange, pseudo-ligate female; the middle flowers are yellow, tubular, bisexual. The apex and edge of the epidermal cells of pseudo-ligate flowers are characterized by papillary growth and slight folding of the cuticle; at the base of the corolla lingula there are cells with calcium oxalate crystals in the form of small druses. The anatomical structure of tubular flowers is characterized by essential oil glands, typical for the Asteraceae family. The epidermis of the wrapper leaves is represented by oval cells with numerous essential oil glands and large surface outgrowths.Conclusions. The main diagnostic morphological and anatomical features of the inflorescences of Chrysanthemum × hortorum Bailey cultivar Pectoral have been established, which can be further used in the identification of new medicinal plant materials

Highlights

The genus Chrysanthemum is represented by annual and perennial species, of which there are many in the world flora [1, 2]
At the base of the flower (Fig. 3.5), which is attached to the anthoclinium of anthodium, the cells are rectangular, have a thickened lignified shell
The middle flowers of anthodium have a tubular corolla with an epidermis rich in essential oil glands, the structure of which is typical for most species of aster

Summary

Introduction

The genus Chrysanthemum is represented by annual and perennial species, of which there are many in the world flora [1, 2]. Today there are more than 10,000 different varieties of chrysanthemums in the world [5]. In America the most popular varieties with anemone inflorescences, in Germany and Great Britain - with spherical and hemispherical, in Japan and China - with the original arachnoid and radiant inflorescences. Representatives of the Chrysanthemum genus have a more or less branched rhizome, which forms stolon-shaped underground shoots. Erect, branched, pubescent, semi-woody, brittle, from 25 to 150 cm tall, usually dark green, sometimes light green with a smoky tinge [5, 6]. Well-marked speckled glands emit a characteristic odor of camphor [5, 7, 8]

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion