Abstract
In the present work, the migration of three chemicals, benzophenone, 1,4-diphenylbutadiene and Uvitex® OB from low-density polyethylene samples into the food simulant, 50% ethanol (v/v), was studied. The key parameters of the diffusion process, the partition and diffusion coefficients, were calculated by using a mathematical model based on Fick’s Second Law. As expected, the diffusion coefficients increased with temperature and the values obtained ranged between 3.87 × 10−11 and 1.00 × 10−8 cm2/s. Furthermore, the migration in different fruit juices was also evaluated and the results indicated that benzophenone migrated to a greater extent in comparison with the other two migrants in all beverages analyzed. To quantify the migrants, a high-performance liquid chromatographic method with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) was used. The separation was performed on an Ace 3 C18-HL column (30 × 3 mm, 3 μm particle size) and using a gradient elution system consisting of Milli-Q water and acetonitrile. The total analysis time did not exceed 8 min.
Highlights
Polymeric materials including, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and so on, have been widely used in the food packaging industry in many applications
The major concern related to their use is the migration of low molecular substances, such as additives, residual monomers and oligomers from the material to the food
The Regulation EU No 10/2011 [4] issues the Union list of monomers, other starting substances, macromolecules obtained from microbial fermentation, additives and polymer production aids authorized in the manufacture of plastic materials and articles, as well as the restrictions which they are subject to
Summary
Polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and so on, have been widely used in the food packaging industry in many applications. The major concern related to their use is the migration of low molecular substances, such as additives, residual monomers and oligomers from the material to the food. The migration from a plastic material into the food is a predictable physical process that, in most cases, follows Fick’s Laws [2]. It is generally accepted, that substances with low molecular weight (
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