Abstract
One of the essential tasks for a sustainable future is to reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere significantly. Cement production is the world’s largest industrial carbon pollutant, accounting for 8 % of global emissions. More than 2.2 gigatons of carbon dioxide are emitted into the atmosphere every year. Therefore, reducing the energy intensity of products and reducing the number of harmful emissions in cement production is becoming critical. One strategy to reduce cement production emissions is to reduce the most energy-consuming component in cement – clinker. In this case, various activation methods are used for maintaining the same level of cement activity. One of these methods is the impact on the hardening binder with magnetic fields. The paper presented a study of hydration processes of blast-furnace cement activated by a magnetized ferromagnetic additive. The work established that the introduction of pre-magnetized ferromagnetic dust into blast-furnace cement composition has an activating effect on binder hydration. It shows that activation occurs both in the initial and long periods of hardening. The nature of the mutual influence of the components of the hydration system alite-lime-slag in a modified binder was revealed. The investigation determined that the ferromagnetic additive, intensifying the process of slag hardening, increases the proportion of hydrated slag by 1.5-2 times. It was revealed that the formation of the ettringite framework in the modified binder’s gel is completed within one day. It is shown that in the subsequent periods, hydration of aluminates occurs mainly due to the formation of tricalcium aluminate hexahydrate (C3AH6), which excludes destructive processes in the late periods of binder hardening. It has been established that under the action of a ferromagnetic additive, the degree of crystallization of hydro silicates in the modified binder increases.
Highlights
Cement is one of the essential building materials
A further increase in active mineral additives' share-production waste is achieved through various cement activation methods
Studies of the hydration products of ordinary and modified by additive EN 197-1–CEM III/A 32.5 N cement were carried out to study the processes of hydration and structure formation of cement with premagnetized ferromagnetic dust
Summary
Cement is one of the essential building materials. More than 4 100 000 tons of cement are produced annually globally [1], and CO2 emissions during its production are 6.5 % of the global emissions or more than 2.2 gigatons of carbon dioxide per year [2, 3]. In the foreseeable future, there are no prerequisites for reducing the need for cement. One way to reduce cement production emissions is to introduce production waste into their composition, including granulated blastfurnace slags. The introduction of slags makes it possible to combine a decrease in the proportion of clinker in cement with production waste disposal. The introduction of mineral additives, as a rule, leads to a decrease in cement activity [4]. The proportion of active mineral additives in cement is limited. A further increase in active mineral additives' share-production waste is achieved through various cement activation methods. One of these methods is the impact on the hardening binder with magnetic fields
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
