Study of the expression of CD44 and Bcl-2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and it’s correlation with histological grading

Abstract

Introduction :Oral squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, with a global incidence of around 3,54,864 new cases and 1,77,384 deaths every year.Aim :To demonstrate and assess the prognostic significance of the expression of CD44 and Bcl-2 in squamous cell carcinomas of oral cavity by it’s correlation with the histological grade of the tumour.Methodology :This is a hospital based prospective study done over a period of 3 years at Kakatiya Medical College/MGM Hospital, Warangal, Telangana and includes 76 cases diagnosed as OSCC. Immunohistochemistry was done with markers CD44 and BCL2. ResultS:61.9% of WDSCC cases showed weak expression of CD44, 56.3% of MD SCC cases showed moderate expression, 50% of PD SCC cases showed strong expression and 50% showed moderate expression. 71.5% of WD SCC cases showed weak expression of BCL2, 46.9% of MD SCC cases showed moderate expression, 50% of PD SCC cases showed strong expression and 50% showed moderate expression. Conclusion: The present study, has showed that there is significant correlation between the histopathological grade of OSCC and the overexpression of CD44 and Bcl-2.