Abstract
Background: Dye and colored materials cause health risks in water and therefore, must be removed from water supplies and wastewater. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the third generation poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) and poly (propylene imine) dendrimers (PPI-G3) in the removal of reactive blue 19 (RB19) dye from aqueous solutions and determine the optimum conditions for the removal. Methods: This study was performed in a laboratory and batch scale. In this study, synthetic wastewater was examined with three different concentrations of RB19 (25, 50, and 100 mg/L), different pHs (3, 7, and 10), various amounts of dendrimer (0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 g/L), and at different times (15, 30, and 60 minutes) during the adsorption process. The remaining amount of dye was measured by spectrophotometer at 592 nm wavelength. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were also tested. Results: The results showed that by increasing the reaction time and adsorbent dosage, the rate of dye removal increased while by increasing the initial dye concentration and pH, the dye removal efficiency was significantly decreased. In this study, with increase of pH from 3 to 10, dye removal efficiency at a concentration of 25 mg/L, decreased from 72% to 20% and 88% to 17% by PAMAM and PPI dendrimers, respectively. Excel software was used for data analysis. Conclusion: Both adsorbents had a good dye removal efficiency, but PPI dendrimer was more effective in removing RB19. Adsorption data followed the Langmuir isotherm.
Highlights
The dye is one of the most important pollutants in industrial wastewater that is widely used in industrial sectors such as textile, leather, cosmetics, paper making, food processing and pharmaceutical industries [1,2]
In a study by Hayati et al, G2 PPI dendrimer was used for the removal of dyes from textile wastewater, and the results indicated that increasing concentrations of dendrimers leads to increased dye removal and the optimal dendrimer concentration was 1.8 g/L [19]
Evaluation of experimental data using the Langmuir and Freundlich models and comparison of their correlation coefficients showed that adsorption of reactive blue 19 (RB19) dye obeys the Langmuir isotherm by the G3 PAMAM (R2=0.94) and PPI (R2=0.98) dendrimers (Figure 5)
Summary
The dye is one of the most important pollutants in industrial wastewater that is widely used in industrial sectors such as textile, leather, cosmetics, paper making, food processing and pharmaceutical industries [1,2]. Reactive blue 19 (RB19) with its special chemical structure is one of the anthraquinone dyes which are the most widely used in textile, after azo dyes. This dye has relatively low fixation efficiency on the fiber and considerable amounts of waste can be imported to wastewater. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the third generation poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) and poly (propylene imine) dendrimers (PPI-G3) in the removal of reactive blue 19 (RB19) dye from aqueous solutions and determine the optimum conditions for the removal. Study of the effectiveness of the third generation polyamide-amine and polypropylene imine dendrimers in removal of reactive blue 19 dye from aqueous solutions.
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