Study of the Effect of Palmitic Acid on the Expression of Myostatin mRNA and its Cytotoxic Properties in the Culture of Myoblast Cells and the Possibility of Exogenous Regulation

Abstract

Objective: To study the cytotoxic effect of palmitic acid on myoblasts in vitro and the influence of this toxicant on the expression of myostatin mRNA in myoblast culture. Methods: To research the protective action against these processes of a compound with antioxidant activity, for which 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine malate (ethoxidol) was chosen. Results: Our studies have shown that palmitic acid has a noticeable cytostatic effect on myoblasts in vitro, significantly suppressing their proliferation: the rate of MTT recovery in myoblasts treated with palmitate was only 9.6% of that rate in control myoblasts. In experiments, it was shown that palmitic acid slightly activated the expression of myostatin mRNA. At the same time, the protective effect of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine malate was not so pronounced. Conclusion: The results of our research indicate that the activation of myostatin synthesis is not one of the main causes of the development of myodystrophy in obese people or people following a high-lipid diet, while the direct cytotoxic effect of palmitic acid on myoblasts is. It is obvious that the use of antioxidants such as ethoxide has a protective effect on myoblasts in the experiment and may have a certain potential in clinical practice.