Study of The Effect of Hot Water Extract of Garlic and Pepper Plants, With Different Concentrations Saline Solution on The Mortalityon Parlatoria Blanchardi (Targioni-Tozzetti) on Date Palms

Abstract

The scale insect Parlatoria blanchardi (Homoptera : Diaspdidae) is one of the important pests, that cause damage to all parts of the date palm in the central and southern governorates of Iraq, In order to reduce the negative effects of pesticides on the environment. Two types of hot water extracts, of Capsicum annuam and Alliu sativum, were used in the field at three concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 g/liter of water, in addition to the use of the saline solution in three concentrations of 15, 20 and 25 g/liter of water, to reduce the population density of P. blanchardi. The results showed that the plant extracts and the saline solution, had high efficiency in reducing the population density of P. blanchardi after one week of spraying, as the saline solution registered the best mortality of 100% at the three concentrations used and with a significant difference from A. sativum extract, which recorded the highest mortality of 80% for the insect at the concentration of 15 g/L and the lowest mortality was 56% over the concentration of 10 g/L, while the C. annuam extract recorded the highest mortality of 80% at a concentration of 15 g/L, and the lowest mortality at a concentration of 5 g/L was 55%.