Study of the Effect Age and Gender of the Bone Height on the Position of the Inferior Dental Canal Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Abstract

Inferior alveolar canal considered as one from the most important vital structures exist in the mandible and any injury to the (IAC) during the surgical procedures should be avoided, knowing the exact position of the (IAC) can help in avoiding the injury of the (IAC). The sample was consist of 100 patients divided into 2 main groups 1st group consist of 50 males (25 males dentulous, 25 males edentulous), and the 2nd group consisted of 50 females (25 females before menopause & 25 females after menopause). Two measurements were taken the 1st from the crest of alveolar ridge to the superior rim of the (IDC), and the 2nd from the inferior rim of (IDC) to the lower border of the mandible in both right and left sides of the mandible. Results: the stastical analysis of the distance from the crest of alveolar ridge to the superior rim of the (IDC) for both males & females groups showed that there were highly significant difference between male (edentulous versus dentulous) the mean values less in edentulous groups ,and female ( before menopause versus after menopause) the mean values are greater in the ( before menopause ) groups, the stastical analysis of the distance from the inferior rim of (IDC) to the lower border of the mandible showed that the mean values in case of dentulous in males groups was less in edentulous group than dentulous group (right side) with non-significant difference while in the measurement of left side the mean value was higher in the edentulous group with non-significant difference and in females groups the mean values were greater in( before menopause) groups. Conclusion : it can be concluded that the position of the inferior dental canal heavy influenced by the due to the dental status ,due to the teeth loss , age and hormonal changes affect the bone height which is also affected by gender. the vertical distance from the crest of the alveolar ridge to superior rim of (IAC)., the vertical distance from the crest of the alveolar ridge to superior rim of (IAC) , and the distance from lower rim of (IAC) to the lower border of the mandible would be smaller due to the effect of bone height.