Study of the coupling reactions between electrochemically generated aromatic radical anions and methyl, alkyl and benzyl radicals

Abstract

Alkyl radicals produced in the indirect reduction of alkyl halides or alkyldimethylsulfonium salts by electrochemically generated aromatic radical anions couple fast with the latter and alkylated or dialkylated dihydro compounds are formed. Rate constants measured for the coupling reaction between on one hand methyl, primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl radicals as well as benzyl and cumyl radicals and on the other hand a wide spectrum of electrochemically generated aromatic radical anions are found to be about 1×10 9 M −1 s −1. Previous measurements of coupling rate constants for primary alkyl radicals have been re-evaluated since they were affected by the presence of an S N2 reaction occurring between the alkyl halides used as radical precursors and the aromatic radical anions. New experiments are also included using alkyldimethylsulfonium salts as precursors in order to prevent such S N2 artefacts. It is concluded that sterical hindrance does not play a significant role for the radical–radical anion coupling reactions. In general the rate constants for the coupling reactions are all close to 10 9 M −1 s −1.