Abstract
AbstractThe steel X20CrMoV12.1 has been widely used for the steam pipes in power plants since 1960s. It exhibits a good combination of high‐temperature strength, toughness and creep strength. The microstructure consists of high‐tempered martensite with finely dispersed carbide precipitates along the boundaries of the ex‐austenitic grains and the ferritic sub‐boundaries. The carbides change their chemical and phase composition as well as their size with time and temperature until equilibrium is reached. However, this process lasts for thousands of hours. For this reason, we simulated these conditions in the laboratory using higher temperatures in order to accelerate the process. After different annealing times the carbide precipitates and their orientational relationships with the neighbouring grains were examined by electron‐backscatter diffraction (EBSD). After 24 h of annealing all the carbides were M23C6 and were in an orientational relationship with the matrix. The volume fraction of carbides is independent of annealing time and temperature. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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