Study of T CD4 Lymphocytes by Flow Cytometry in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Abidjan

Abstract

Objective: We undertook this study to analyze the T CD4 subset of non-HIV CKD patients and to investigate factors that may influence their rate. Materials and methods: It was a cross-sectional, three-month study, on the determination of T CD4, count by Flow Cytometry (FACS Calibur), in patients aged 18 to 65 years, chronic kidney disease according to KDOQI and non-HIV. Results: Sixty-three cases were collected with an average age of 41 years and sex ratio of 1.79. The median BMI was 22.9 kg/m2 and 69.9% had normal weight. 36 of patients (69.2%) were at stage 5 of chronic kidney disease. CD4 rate was low in 23 patients (36.5%), normal in 37 patients (58.7%) and high in 3 patients (4.8). There was a significant correlation between the decrease in absolute CD4 rate and the grade of chronic kidney failure (CKD) (p=0.02). In linear regression, a statistically significant correlation was observed between changes in absolute CD4 values and white blood cell level (p=0.000003), total lymphocyte rate (p=0,0006) and urea rate (p=0.04); on the other hand between changes in the absolute values of CD3 and the levels of white blood cells (p=0.000001) and lymphocytes rate (p=0.000002). Conclusion: The decrease in GFR is accompanied by a decrease in CD4 rate, which increases the risk of infections. This situation could contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality of chronic kidney disease patients.