Abstract
Bacteria are one of the prokaryotic microorganisms that are symbiotic with coral reefs. These microorganisms help corals in secreting mucus layers which are used as a place to live for bacteria and control the presence of pathogenic bacteria in corals. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of bacterial communities associated with Acropora digitifera corals in Ciletuh bay, West Java, by culture approach. Sampling was carried out at a depth of 4 meters. Morphology-based identification and molecular approach based on sequence of the small ribosomal unit (16S) rRNA gene were used to determine the bacterial species in the samples. A total of six pure isolates were identified based on morphological observation and the molecular DNA characteristics from three of them were identified with 16S rRNA gene sequences. The identification using 16S rRNA gene showed that the isolate ACD.P4.PH7.P had a close relationship with the BF strain and zb strain of Bacillus flexus (acc number MH569560.1) with a similarity of 85.44 %. While ACD.P4.PH9.P isolate has a close relationship with Bacillus sp. c234 (acc number FJ950647.1) with a similarity of 98.50 %. Additionally, ACD.P4.PH9.K isolates closely related to Bacillus sp. of strain 6RM1 (acc number MK134607.1) with a similarity of 94.78 %. This study also revealed that both microscopic identifications by morphological traits and molecular approach using 16S rRNA gene can be used in bacterial diversity assessment.
Highlights
Ciletuh Bay is located in the district of Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia
The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity of bacterial communities that are associated with Acropora digitifera corals in the water bodies of Ciletuh bay, Sukabumi, West Java, through a culture approach
It was discovered that the bacteria from the isolate ACD.P4.PH7.P has a close relationship with Bacillus flexus of strain BF and zb
Summary
Ciletuh Bay is located in the district of Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. This bay has a diverse coral reef ecosystem, both hard coral (Scleractinian) and soft corals that have holobiont with microorganisms around them, such as bacteria and zooxanthellae and other microorganisms. One of the associations between coral reefs and microorganisms is their mutual symbiosis in producing oxygen. There are various types of hard coral in these waters and one of them is Acropora digitifera. This species is a type of hard coral commonly found in the Indonesian Ocean which belongs to the family Acroporidae. Corals that belong to this family are commonly found in depths of 315 meters
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