Abstract
The use of renewable biodiesel fuel in diesel engines can reduce the demand for depleting fossil fuels and reduce harmful emissions to the environment. In this research, an engine simulation is conducted using ANSYS Forte software, which allows for visualization of the spray inside the combustion chamber. The results show that biodiesel has higher liquid and vapor penetration lengths, higher droplet mass and diameter, and a longer breakup length. Molecular images of fuel molecules show that the temperature of biodiesel molecules is 141 °C lower than diesel molecules at 709 degree crank angle (°CA). These characteristics result in an extended evaporation time for biodiesel, consequently leading to poorer performance. Additionally, increased penetration length can lead to carbon deposits inside the combustion chamber. Therefore, such inefficiencies of biodiesel spray properties lead to lower combustive performance than diesel. In terms of performance, on average, biodiesel produces 16.9% lower power and 19.9% higher brake specific fuel consumption. On average, the emissions of CO, CO2, and HC of biodiesel are 17.8%, 3.41%, and 23.5% lower and NOx is 14.39% higher than the corresponding values obtained for pure diesel, respectively. In-cylinder combustion analyses show that the peak pressure of biodiesel is 0.5 MPa lower, the peak cycle temperature is 36 °C lower, the ignition delay is 4 °CA longer, the peak heat release rate is 16.5 J/deg. higher, and the combustion duration is 5.96 °CA longer compared to diesel combustion.
Highlights
Depletion of limited global fossil fuel reserves and global warming caused by the burning of these fossil fuels have made it essential for humanity to reduce the demand for fossil fuel
Fuel in liquid form is injected into the combustion chamber at a high pressure so the liquid droplet size is small enough to evaporate quickly
The spray behavior presented is, critical for vapor to entrain the maximum volume of air possible for a better combustion within the combustion time available
Summary
Depletion of limited global fossil fuel reserves and global warming caused by the burning of these fossil fuels have made it essential for humanity to reduce the demand for fossil fuel. With newer breeding techniques and more land being developed, the FAO predicts that global vegetable oil production will be doubled by 2050 to meet the global demand for vegetable oils for food, fuel, and industry [11,12,13] It is evident from many studies in the literature that the applications of Canola Oil. Biodiesel (COB) and derived blends with diesel in diesel engines have been pursued by many researchers and studied for performance and emissions [14,15,16,17,18,19]. It was found that cavitation formation and development were affected when the angle between the injection needle and injection holes axes was increased Observation of these spray characteristics of biodiesel is essential to improve the mixing of air and fuel. Analysis and evaluation of results to identify areas where biodiesel performance is lacking can be utilized to improve the performance of engines using biodiesels
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