Abstract
The behavior of seven faba bean breeding lines toward Orobanche foetida and Orobanche crenata infestation was examined under field, pots, and in vitro conditions and compared to reference cultivars. The breeding lines presented resistance reaction to Orobanche spp. in different experiment conditions. In infested field by O. foetida, the grain yield reduction ranged from 55.7 to 83% for the breeding lines compared to 97% for the susceptible cultivar Badï. Lines L6 and L7 were the less affected by Orobanche parasitism considering severity, number of emerged Orobanche, and yield. In pots, the number of attachments varied from .6 to 3.4 and from 1.4 to 6.4 for the breeding lines against 10.4 and 12.3 for Badï inoculated, respectively, by O. foetida and O. crenata. In Petri dish experiment, Orobanche germination reached the highest rates; 69.9 and 59.7%, respectively, with O. crenata and O. foetida for Badï. For the breeding lines, it ranged from 6.3 to 44.9% for O. crenata and from 4.8 to 40.8% for O. foetida. Moreover, all breeding lines showed low tubercles number and delay in Orobanche attachments as compared to Badï. All breeding lines, except L5, maintained an acceptable level of resistance to Orobanche species manifested by a reduced Orobanche germination rate, low Orobanche number and dry weight, delay of attachments, and higher grain production compared to Badï. L5 seems to be less resistant even it behaves better than Badï in different culture conditions. The studied breeding lines could be recommended as resistance sources or candidates for varieties registrations.
Highlights
Grain legume such as faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important crop cultivated worldwide as the primary source of protein for human food and animal feed (Abang et al, 2007)
Cross performed in Ariana (Tunisia) in 2000, between Tunisian breeding line resistant to O. foetida and faba bean small seeds breeding lines selected by INRA Rennes (France)
Cross performed in Beja (Tunisia) in 1992 between faba bean breeding line selected for resistance to O. crenata by ICARDA and faba bean small seeds selected by Institute for Agricultural Research of Tunisia (INRAT)
Summary
Grain legume such as faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important crop cultivated worldwide as the primary source of protein for human food and animal feed (Abang et al, 2007). They can remain viable in the soil for more than 10 years, if host crops are frequently cultivated, the seed bank in the soil increases tremendously leading to the failure of cultivating host crops These characteristics limit the development of successful control measures which can be accepted and applied. Breeding for Orobanche-resistant crop plants as a longterm measure for Orobanche control seems to be more suitable than costly and doubtful chemical or physical control procedures to reduce the infestation and to improve the yield of faba bean in infested fields. Cross performed in Ariana (Tunisia) in 2000, between Tunisian breeding line resistant to O. foetida and large seeds population Malti. Cross performed in Ariana (Tunisia) in 2000, between Tunisian breeding line resistant to O. foetida and faba bean small seeds breeding lines selected by INRA Rennes (France). Cross performed in Beja (Tunisia) in 1992 between faba bean breeding line selected for resistance to O. crenata by ICARDA and faba bean small seeds selected by INRAT
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