Study of Socratic Irony and Romantic Irony in Khayyam, Abol-ala and Schopenhauer’s Quatrains

Shahla Khalilollahi,Maryam Mousavi

doi:10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.8n.5p.72

Abstract

In this article we are determined to review Socratic irony, romantic and ironic structures of Khayyam's quatrains and the ones attributed to him and explain the place of Khayyam as an ironist among other thinkers of the world, according to the meaning of romantic irony and Socratic irony in his quatrains. Irony is the recognition of the fact that the world itself is sick and only an ambivalent attitude can understand its paradoxical totality. Ashleh Goal believes that irony in this sense, according to its nature, is not moderating, but it means that it is endless and self-looking like Socratic wisdom. Irony is related to an aspect of speech in which the meaning of the word is placed in contrast to the literal meaning of the word. In fact, an individual mentions something which is not what he or she actually meant, or is not all of what he or she meant. Examples of these meanings can be seen in Socrates' dialogues, which one type of irony is called Socratic irony and the other type is romantic irony. This term was used in a more complicated meaning, which was our purpose in this article, by the German romantic theorists in the late eighteenth century A.D. In romantic irony, the offended artist of the events of life portrays an excerpt from reality, from the perspective of his knowledge as Khayyam created a school and after him a number of Iran's poets continued it. He constantly reminds the human suffering by offering images of the world inversion.

Highlights

Khayyam NeyshabooriAbout the wise man of Neyshaboor, Omar ibne Ebrahim Khayyami, the man in the field of literature who is too thoughtful as if he has come in fog, lived in fog and gone in fog, what many have written
The offended artist of the events of life portrays an excerpt from reality, from the perspective of his knowledge as Khayyam created a school and after him a number of Iran’s poets continued it
More than comparing their views, we have been after proving a kind of romantic irony and Socratic irony in the poetry of Khayyam, and have a new look to his poetry which has seen the world in light among the works of other world thinkers who have attained to an understanding called romantic irony as a result of reflecting on the universe

Summary

Introduction

Khayyam NeyshabooriAbout the wise man of Neyshaboor, Omar ibne Ebrahim Khayyami, the man in the field of literature who is too thoughtful as if he has come in fog, lived in fog and gone in fog, what many have written. The ontological perspective of Khayyam and his way of expression, is beyond rhetorical question or rhetorical array of allusion which we interpret as “Irony”, that is a kind of rhetorical trick which is well-known in the world literature. Philosophy and started teaching philosophy at the same time with Hegel in Berlin. From his point of view, the world is absurd, tragic, painful and devoid of reason and causality. Schopenhauer has mixed this belief with an excessive pessimism and he knows the deliverance of this pain in freedom from desires

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion