Abstract
The disorders originated from architectural design in buildings, show in different forms. One of them is the level difference originated from lot’s slope which affects structures through short column phenomenon. The great stiffness of short columns enables them to absorb large amounts of structural energy. Inattention of some manuals and regulations such as Earthquake regulations to this phenomenon necessitates paying further attention to it. On this basis, the present study employed experimental modeling and numerical modeling for a four-story reinforced concrete building that involves the analysis of simple 2-D frames of varying floor heights and varying number of bays using a very popular software tool STAAD Pro on both a sloping and a flat lot. Also Sap2000 software had been used to show that the displacement of floors is greater for a flat lot building than a sloping lot building. However, the increase in shear was found to be quite greater in short columns compared to common ones and an enormous moment should be tolerated by sloping lot structures. The greater stiffness of the structure was also revealed by non-linear static (Push-Over) analysis. According to the results, short column are required to have more resistant sections and are suggested to be reinforced with more bars. In addition, more steel should be used as stirrups than as longitudinal bars. Also for existing structures, shear capacity of short columns should be retrofitted by FRP, Steel Jacket or other materials.
Highlights
The earthquake catastrophe is one of the major reasons for destruction of buildings, engineering infrastructures, and social systems [1]
The present study investigates and compares two four-story reinforced concrete moment resisting frame (MRF) buildings with medium deformability, one of which is located on a flat lot and the other one is on a lot sloped by 20 degrees (Figure 4)
The Results of Non-Linear Static Analysis According to Figure 15, the short columns in sloping lot structures have a section of higher steel content and more compact stirrups since the percentage of earthquake force absorption rises for this structure
Summary
The earthquake catastrophe is one of the major reasons for destruction of buildings, engineering infrastructures, and social systems [1]. Moretti and Tassios studied the seismic design with small shear ratio as well as the seismic behavior of 8 reinforced concrete short columns under constant axial load and static cyclic displacements by measuring the strains of concrete and steel. They suggested a new model of truss with the ability to distribute forces inside the columns in order to simulate the behavior of reinforced concrete short columns and thence, to better understand the mechanism of destruction [6] [7].
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