Abstract
Introduction: Congenital heart disease is the most common congenital problem that accounts for up to 25% of all congenital malformations. Hence this study was aimed at improving the knowledge related to risk factors associated with CHD in a rural Indian scenario. It was a hospital- based case control study. Materials and Methods: The children up to twelve year of age with clinical suspicion of CHD were subjected to chest x-ray and electrocardiography, and final diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography (n=209) as cases. The control group (n=418) were randomly selected from children without CHD who were admitted during the same period. The etiological factors like environmental, infections, drugs, and maternal factors were analyzed by using EPI 6 version. Results: In cases group, 56% were male and 44% female children. 82% cases presented at age of less than 5 years and 18% after 5 year. Exposure to smoking (OR=10.45), tobacco intake by mother (OR=8.28) and family history of CHD (OR=7.21) were the significant risk factor present in cases. Conclusion: The risk factors for CHD child identified were exposure to smoking and tobacco intake by mother, family history of CHD, antenatal infection in 1st trimester and history of diabetic mother. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i2.8254 J Nepal Paediatr Soc. 2013; 33(2):121-124
Highlights
C ongenital Heart Disease (CHD) is defined as a gross structural abnormality of the heart or intrathoracic great vessels that is or potentially of functional significance
CHD may present in any age group from neonatal age to adolescent age group and it may present with or without cyanosis, rapid breathing, perspiration, some with congestive cardiac failure, cyanotic spells, while some children may be asymptomatic but with a cardiac murmur detected during examination for any other illness[3]
There are certain risk factors which are responsible for congenital heart disease this study was conducted to determine the risk factors for the development of congenital heart diseases in children at rural hospital
Summary
C ongenital Heart Disease (CHD) is defined as a gross structural abnormality of the heart or intrathoracic great vessels that is or potentially of functional significance. It is the most common congenital problem that accounts for up to 25% of all congenital malformations that present in the neonatal period[1]. This study was aimed at improving the knowledge related to risk factors associated with CHD in a rural Indian scenario. It was a hospital- based case control study. Results: In cases group, 56% were male and 44% female children. 82% cases presented at age of less than 5 years and 18% after 5 year
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