Abstract
Aim and Objectives: To know the prevalence of postpartum depression by Edinburgh postnatal depression scale and evaluate the obstetrics risk factors which predisposing to postpartum depression. Material and Methods: The present prospective observation study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College, Jabalpur from1st March 2015 to 31st August 2016. Participants were screened for postpartum depression using EPDS. Various obstetrics risk factors were also completed by all the subjects. Main outcome measure: prevalence of a score of 13 or higher, on the EPDS. The data of the present study was recorded into computer and after proper validation, error checking, coding and decoding, the data was compiled and analysed using the SPSS window, appropriate univariate and bivariate analysis were carried out using the Chi-square test and odd ratio for categorical variables. Result and Conclusion: The present study concludes that the prevalence of postpartum depression is 12.8 % (64/500) amongst postpartum women admitted of Obstetrics unit of N.S.C.B. Medical College, Jabalpur. (M. P.) The prevalence of an EPDS score ?13 (which is suggestive of PPD) was found in a significant proportion of women, screening for PPD is indicated in all postpartum subjects to identify and promptly treat these women. Identification of a clear association between obstetric risk factors and PPD will lead to a prompt diagnosis of PPD. Keywords: Postpartum depression (PPD), Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS).
Highlights
Post partum depression has been defined by theWorld Health Organization (WHO) as “a special state of mental health disorder and a variant of depression”.1 According to American Psychological Association (APA) “ PPD is a serious mental health problem characterized by a prolonged period of emotional disturbance, occurring at a time of major life change and increased responsibilities in the care of the newborn”.2 postpartum depression onset symptoms occure from delivery of newborn to 12 months after delivery.[3]
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS)] is one of the most successful screening tools for PPD developed by Kendell et al in Edinburgh Scotland which is the result of the first major research on PPD over 30 years ago.[5,6]
EPDS is the screening tool for postpartum depression; 10-items selfreport scale designs for screening of Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research, April-June, 2018;5(2):[267-271]
Summary
Post partum depression has been defined by theWorld Health Organization (WHO) as “a special state of mental health disorder and a variant of depression”.1 According to American Psychological Association (APA) “ PPD is a serious mental health problem characterized by a prolonged period of emotional disturbance, occurring at a time of major life change and increased responsibilities in the care of the newborn”.2 postpartum depression onset symptoms occure from delivery of newborn to 12 months after delivery.[3]. According to American Psychological Association (APA) “ PPD is a serious mental health problem characterized by a prolonged period of emotional disturbance, occurring at a time of major life change and increased responsibilities in the care of the newborn”.2 postpartum depression onset symptoms occure from delivery of newborn to 12 months after delivery.[3] The prevalence of postpartum depression, worldwide varies from 0.5% to 60.8% in the first 12 months of delivery using self-reported questionnaire.[4] Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS] is one of the most successful screening tools for PPD developed by Kendell et al in Edinburgh Scotland which is the result of the first major research on PPD over 30 years ago.[5,6] A review of 37 validation studies of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale had shown a highly variable sensitivity from 34 to 100% and a specificity of 44 to 100%.7. If postpartum depression is to be prevented by clinical or public health intervention, its risk factors need to be reliably identified.[8,9,10,11] Postpartum depression is clinically identified by various symptoms like tearfulness, despondency, emotional liability, feelings of guilt, loss of appetite, and sleep disturbances as well as feelings of being inadequate and unable to cope with the infant, poor concentration and memory, fatigue and irritability.[12]
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