Abstract
In this study, we used electrospinning technology to develop a novel composite material with temperature and magnetic responsive characteristics which physical and chemical parameters were verified. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), PNIPAAm polymer was chosen as the main material for the spinning process, to prepare the temperature-responsive material with a hydrophobic/hydrophilic fiber structure. The fibers prepared by the electrospinning method resulted in high pores and high volume-surface area that can serve as substrates for cell tissue engineering applications. The material was then integrated with magnetic nanoparticles which led to composite materials of magnetic temperature-responsive spinning fibers and can further be used as a substrate material in the biomedical engineering field. Field-scanning emission electron microscopy (FSEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the spinning fibers diameter and surface morphology. The superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) were used to analyze the amount of magnetic nanoparticles confined in the magnetic temperature-responsive spinning fiber. The proportion of magnetic particles in magnetic temperature-responsive spinning fiber from SQUID and TGA analysis was 3.44% and 4.07%, respectively. This study successfully established the preparation of temperature-responsive spinning fiber with extracellular matrix structure through an electrospinning technique. In the future, this composite material with the advantage of switchable hydrophilic/hydrophobic temperature-responsive and magnetic induction properties can further be used in the field of biomedical engineering applications, such as drug-carrier, drug release, skin wound healing, and magnetic high-frequency heat treatment.
Highlights
Cell and tissue engineering research mainly aims to develop biomedical materials for in vivo or in vitro use, exploring repair and maintenance, in cells, tissues and organs, such as wound healing, three-dimensional cell culture, drug release carrier test, etc.1 using biomedical materials to design a substrate can replace human tissue or biomedical substrate, and can be effectively used in living organisms for a long time with good biocompatibility.2 In order to achieve this goal, the development of biomedical materials in cell and tissue engineering applications must consider the cell growth environment and material scaffold
Contact angle measurement was used to verify that the temperature-responsive PNIPAAm material underwent a temperature-responsive hydrophilic/hydrophobic property change
When the ambient temperature is lower than the LCST temperature of the material which is 32○C, the temperature-responsive spinning fiber exhibits more hydrophilic functional groups, shows the smaller contact angle which refers to hydrophilicity
Summary
Cell and tissue engineering research mainly aims to develop biomedical materials for in vivo or in vitro use, exploring repair and maintenance, in cells, tissues and organs, such as wound healing, three-dimensional cell culture, drug release carrier test, etc. using biomedical materials to design a substrate can replace human tissue or biomedical substrate, and can be effectively used in living organisms for a long time with good biocompatibility. In order to achieve this goal, the development of biomedical materials in cell and tissue engineering applications must consider the cell growth environment and material scaffold. The resulting separated cells gradually aggregate and eventually form multicellular spheres These features verify that PNIPAAm polymers have the potential of usage in cell attachment and detachment applications.. The result confirms that the surface of the PNIPAAm coating can be converted from cell attachment to cell detachment by temperature response. This behavioral state can be repeatedly varied and the hydrogel hydrophobicity properties are continuously triggered by temperature changes.. The scaffold resulted in good external static magnetic field response, proving that the super-paramagnetic nanofiber scaffold accelerates bone tissue regeneration under an external magnetic field. The properties of spinning fiber were verified and discussed in the study
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