Study of phenotypic and genotypic properties of Brucella rangiferi strains isolated from reindeer

Abstract

Brucellosis of reindeer in the Far north of the Russian Federation is widespread, is a significant deterrent to the further development of reindeer husbandry and continues to pose a serious social danger. Despite the fact that the situation with reindeer brucellosis has improved markedly recently, it should still be recognized that this problem has not been completely solved. At the same time, along with general preventive measures, the priority in this system remains the creation of high specific protection against brucellosis in animals. The aim of the work was to study the phenotypic and genotypic properties of Brucella rangiferi strains isolated from reindeer in comparison with some strains of the genus Brucella. The result of the research was the study of isolated strains in different years from reindeer in Russia, B.suis biovar 4 (B.rangiferi) in comparison with reference and vaccine strains of brucella. We selected a strain of B.rangiferi 1069, which was less susceptible to dissociation, and also less sensitive to penicillin and erythritol. This strain was determined as the base one when creating laboratory samples (series) of an inactivated emulsin vaccine from brucella of the suis species (biovar 4) against reindeer brucellosis. Thus, the problem of specific prevention of brucellosis of reindeer, despite the considerable scientific material available, remains almost not completely solved to date. However, the available (accumulated data of many authors), as well as our data, already allow us to recommend to production a scientifically based system for the prevention and control of brucellosis of reindeer in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The introduction of a scientifically based system significantly reduces the intensity of the epizootic process for reindeer brucellosis in the whole region. The use of means of specific prevention of brucellosis in the general system of anti-brucellosis measures makes it possible to sharply reduce the intensity of the epizootic process in reindeer herds and to achieve the elimination of epizootic foci of brucellosis within 20-24 months. Without highly effective means of immunoprophylaxis and a clear scheme of their use, a successful fight against brucellosis of reindeer is impossible. Consequently, the further search for new and development of technology for the use of available means of immunoprophylaxis of brucellosis of reindeer, especially inactivated vaccines, should not stop.