Abstract
A ZnO-containing fayalite-based slag can be formed in copper smelting from secondary raw materials and its high viscosity is a common issue that hinders slag tapping. In this work, the crystallization behavior of the industrial slag was observed in situ by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Solid precipitation was found to be the major cause of the poor slag fluidity. The phase relations in the industrial slag system ZnO-“FeO”-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO (CaO/SiO2 = 0.05, Al2O3/SiO2 = 0.15) were investigated by quenching the samples after reaching equilibrium at 1423 K (1150 °C) under iron saturation. The equilibrium composition of the phases was determined with electron probe micro-analysis. The effect of individual components, such as FeO, ZnO, and CaO on the phase equilibrium of the slag system has been quantitatively studied. The relation between the solid-phase fraction and the chemical composition of the slag has been revealed. Suggestions to modify the slag composition toward low viscosity are provided.
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