Abstract
We investigated nano silica/PVA composite membranes to propose an improved caprolactam pervaporation (PV) dehydration process. The membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and contact angle measurement. Compared with the pure PVA membranes, the nano silica/PVA composite membranes showed different surface morphologies with enhanced hydrophilicity because of their unique formation. To evaluate PV performance and mechanism, we assessed the permeation flux, separation factor, diffusivity/sorptivity selectivity, and activation energy of the composite membranes. The evaluated results indicate that the nano silica/PVA composite membranes induced a breakthrough in the dehydration of a caprolactam-water mixture with a maximum flux of 3.8 kg m − 2 h − 1 and an acceptable separation factor of 150.
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