Abstract
The cotton base fabric with plain weave was coated with different coating formulations for exploring the best possible formulation for achieving reasonably good waterproofing and breathability. The coated fabrics were manufactured with Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) resin, mixture of PVC and Polyurethane (PU) and PVC mixed with Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)/Ethylene Glycol (EG) additives. The properties of coated fabric were studied for two solutions of coagulation bath. The characteristics of coating film were studied by subjecting the coated fabric samples to water treatment. The film porosity was found to be high for all cases, corresponding to low rate of coagulation. Also it was observed that on washing the porosity of film was increased. The fabric coated with mixture of PVC and PU formulation found to give best breathability (around 60 to 75% of control fabric) with water penetration resistance exceeding 150 cm head of water.
Highlights
The waterproofing and breathability are the essential requirements of fabrics for the applications such as rain wears, fabrics for foul weathering, defence wears, marine wears etc
Coagulation in water: The cotton fabric was coated with 16% Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and passed through coagulation bath containing water and dried
Air permeability is drastically reduced from 2630 l/m2/sec of control fabric to 3.34 at highest level of add-on
Summary
The waterproofing and breathability are the essential requirements of fabrics for the applications such as rain wears, fabrics for foul weathering, defence wears, marine wears etc. Earlier the attempts were made to develop such fabrics by application of water repellent finishes but could sustain low water pressure and the focus was shifted to physically coating the fabric surface by polymeric materials. Various resins such as Polytetrafluoroethylene, Polyvinyl chloride, Polyacrylates, Polyurethanes etc. The coating layer does prevent the entry of water but it traps the body heat and moisture in the microclimate which makes the wearer uncomfortable [2]. The moisture transmission can be achieved by developing the microspores in coating layer through which the diffusion of moisture takes place [5]
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