Study of oropharyngeal ulcers with their commonest anatomical sites of presentation correlated with histopathological diagnosis among the north Bengal population

Pallab Kr Saha,Tanwi Ghosal (Sen),Sauris Sen

doi:10.18231/j.pjms.2020.053

Abstract

Introduction: Oropharyngeal ulcers are very common in North East part of India due to bad oral habits like chewing of tobacco etc. A study was performed at North Bengal Medical College and Hospital among the patients attending otorhinolaryngology outdoor to explore the relationship of different types and proportion of oropharyngeal ulcers with their commonest anatomical sites and to elicit the relationship with bad oral habits. Aims: To elicit the different types and proportions of oropharyngeal ulcers. To explore the relationship of different histopathological types with anatomical sites. To identify the relationship with addiction. Material and Methods: This is a Cross-sectional Observational Hospital based study, conducted in the Otorhinolaryngology outdoor of North Bengal Medical College and Hospital twice a week. 102 patients were selected as study population after maintaining inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The study shows that the most common type of ulcer is aphthous (25.49%) and the least common types are erythroplakia and autoimmune ulcers (1.96%). It is found that most of the ulcers affect the tongue (28, 27.45%) and the least affected site is the retromolar trigone (4, 3.92%). In the tongue the lateral border is the most commonly affected site. Chewing betel nut is the commonest addiction associated with oropharyngeal ulcers. Conclusion: The study performed to determine different histopathological types, proportions and commonest anatomical site of presentation of different oropharyngeal ulcers which are very common in the North East part of India. Since no such study found in this area previously this study although very preliminary, might help for future studies of similar nature in an area where oral ulcer is very much prevalent. However a short study of this nature cannot be a conclusion and a detailed cohort study is essential to cover all the clinical and pathological aspects of the problem. Keywords: Ulcer, Oral Ca

Highlights

Oropharyngeal ulcers are very common in North East part of India due to bad oral habits like chewing of tobacco etc
The present study on oral and oropharyngeal ulcers was carried out at the department of Otorhinolaryngology, Anatomy and Pathology of North Bengal Medical College and Hospital, Darjeeling. 102 patients clinically presenting with ulcers were studied to find out the proportion of different oral and oropharyngeal ulcers with regard to commonest anatomical sites of presentation
In our study of 102 patients having oral ulcers, we found that most of them (34.31%) had the poor habit of chewing betel nut followed by chewing tobacco (24.50%), smoking (25.49%), chewing only pan (9.8%) and taking alcohol (5.8%)

Summary

Introduction

Oropharyngeal ulcers are very common in North East part of India due to bad oral habits like chewing of tobacco etc. Oral ulcers have been an everyday problem for many otorhinolaryngologists, physicians and dental surgeons. Diagnosis and treatment should be made promptly without any delay. The study of oral ulcers aims at identifying the proportion and commonest anatomical sites of occurrence of all the oral ulcerative conditions in North Bengal Medical College and Hospital for a better orientation and understanding of this group of disorders. An ulcer is a discontinuity of an epithelial surface. There is usually progressive destruction of surface tissue, as distinct from death of macroscopic portion that is gangrene or necrosis.

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