Abstract
In this work, the performance of five different fiber optic sensors at cryogenic temperatures has been analyzed. A photonic crystal fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometer, two Sagnac interferometers, a commercial fiber Bragg grating (FBG), and a π-phase shifted fiber Bragg grating interrogated in a random distributed feedback fiber laser have been studied. Their sensitivities and resolutions as sensors for cryogenic temperatures have been compared regarding their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, the results have been compared with the given by a commercial optical backscatter reflectometer that allowed for distributed temperature measurements of a single mode fiber.
Highlights
Cryogenic temperature systems are becoming more important in the energy sector, transportation, and medicine technology
We report the first demonstrations at cryogenic temperatures of three interferometric and one wavelength selective fiber optic sensor, based on preliminary results presented in [12]
The system that is used to attain cryogenic temperatures consists of an Expanded Polystyrene (EPS)
Summary
Cryogenic temperature systems are becoming more important in the energy sector, transportation, and medicine technology. Fiber optic sensors offer many important advantages in contrast to other conventional technologies. Their main drawback is their low intrinsic thermal sensitivity at low temperatures [3], which limits the sensitivity of the sensors at cryogenic temperatures. To overcome this fact, fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) have been widely used [4], but embedded in or bonded to substrates, such as poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) or Teflon with larger thermal expansion coefficients than silica fibers, which increase their temperature sensitivity [5]
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