Abstract
All-optical flip-flop has been demonstrated experimentally based on our optical bistable hybrid square-rectangular lasers. In this paper, dual-mode rate equations are utilized for studying the optical bistability in the two-section hybrid-coupled semiconductor laser. A phenomenological gain spectrum model is constructed for considering the mode competition in gain section and saturable absorption effect in the absorptive section in a wide wavelength range. The mechanisms of the optical bistability are verified in the aspect of the distribution of carriers and photons in the two-section hybrid-coupled cavity. In addition, we find that with the adjustment of the device parameters, both of the width and biasing current for achieving the bistability can be tuned for a wide range. Furthermore, a dynamic response of all-optical flip-flop is simulated, using a pair of set/reset optical triggering pulses, in order to figure out the laws for faster transition time with lower power consumption.
Highlights
With the development of transmission and switching technologies, optical switching fabrics are greatly demanded for potentially reducing the complexity and power dissipation.[1]
Dual-mode rate equations are utilized for studying the optical bistability in the two-section hybrid-coupled semiconductor laser
An electrical isolation trench region is formed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching the p-InGaAs contact layer off between the FP cavity and the square microcavity to guarantee mutual electrical isolation
Summary
With the development of transmission and switching technologies, optical switching fabrics are greatly demanded for potentially reducing the complexity and power dissipation.[1]. A fast all-optical flip-flop memory based on coupled-microring lasers was demonstrated with a switching time of 20 ps.[14]. Various models have been applied to study bistability behaviors and dynamic transitions under electrical and or optical pulse triggers.[15–19]. Controllable bistability and all-optical flip-flop are experimentally demonstrated due to mode competition and saturable absorption in the square microcavity section.[23]. Rate equations for a two-section hybridcavity laser with dual-mode competition are constructed considering the nonlinear gain effect and saturable absorption, and static characteristics and dynamic transition responses are numerically simulated for faster transition speed and lower power consumption. Dynamic transition responses of all-optical flip-flop are investigated under moderate and strong mode-coupling situations in Section V and Section VI, respectively.
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