Study of normal anatomy and variations in gall bladder

Abstract

Background: The extra hepatic biliary apparatus consists of right and left hepatic ducts, common hepatic duct, gall bladder, cystic duct and common bile duct which collects and delivers the bile from liver to second part of duodenum. Anatomical variations of biliary tree occur with sufficient frequency to be of concern to the surgeons operating in this area. Identification of anatomical details is necessary for accurate detailing of biliary tree to avoid inadvertent damage to biliary ductal system. Objective: To study the normal anatomy and variations of gall bladder by dissection method. Methods: In the present study a total number of 50 adult human livers with lesser Omentum, duodenum and pancreas were collected from the dissected cadavers from the department of anatomy KVG Medical College Sullia and Chamarajanagar institute of medical sciences, Chamarajanagar. The various parameters of the gall bladder and biliary ductal system were recorded and photographed. Observations and results: The following variations were observed in the present study. Hartmann’s pouch was observed in 42% (21/50). Hourglass GB was observed in 2% (1/50). Folded fundus was observed in 2% (1/50). Intrahepatic GB was observed in 4%.