Study of Non-Newtonian biomagnetic blood flow in a stenosed bifurcated artery having elastic walls

Hasan Shahzad,Muhammad Bilal Hafeez,Kaleem Iqbal,Xinhua Wang,Marek Krawczuk,Ioannis Sarris

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-03426-1

Abstract

Fluid structure interaction (FSI) gained attention of researchers and scientist due to its applications in science fields like biomedical engineering, mechanical engineering etc. One of the major application in FSI is to study elastic wall behavior of stenotic arteries. In this paper we discussed an incompressible Non-Newtonian blood flow analysis in an elastic bifurcated artery. A magnetic field is applied along x direction. For coupling of the problem an Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian formulation is used by two-way fluid structure interaction. To discretize the problem, we employed P_{2} P_{1} finite element technique to approximate the velocity, displacement and pressure and then linearized system of equations is solved using Newton iteration method. Analysis is carried out for power law index, Reynolds number and Hartmann number. Hemodynamic effects on elastic walls, stenotic artery and bifurcated region are evaluated by using velocity profile, pressure and loads on the walls. Study shows there is significant increase in wall shear stresses with an increase in Power law index and Hartmann number. While as expected increase in Reynolds number decreases the wall shear stresses. Also load on the upper wall is calculated against Hartmann number for different values of power law index. Results show load increases as the Hartmann number and power law index increases. From hemodynamic point of view, the load on the walls is minimum for shear thinning case but when power law index increased i.e. for shear thickening case load on the walls increased.

Highlights

W Width of elastic wall ρ Viscosity of the fluid u x Component of velocity v y Component of velocity I General solution component σ Strain tensor w Mesh coordinate velocity S PiolaKirchoff stress tensor ε Strain tensor wall shear stress (WSS) Wall shear stresses FSI Fluid structure interaction ALE Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian
Hemodynamic parameters were analyzed to better understand the formation and evolution of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid artery bifurcation by viewing physiological conditions first as normal and subsequently as hypertension disorder. They noticed that the geometry and flow characteristic of the carotid artery had a strong impact on hemodynamics
In this study we focused on the hemodynamics of the non-Newtonian magnetized blood flow flowing through stenotic artery

Summary

Introduction

W Width of elastic wall ρ Viscosity of the fluid u x Component of velocity v y Component of velocity I General solution component σ Strain tensor w Mesh coordinate velocity S PiolaKirchoff stress tensor ε Strain tensor WSS Wall shear stresses FSI Fluid structure interaction ALE Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian. Saloner et al.[4] used unsteady and steady flows to examine the plaque in carotid bifurcation They found that higher Reynolds number enhances the stress magnitude. Ijaz and Nadeem[9] presented the theoretical analysis of bionano-fluid through a curved stenotic channel They used different nano particles to study the hemodynamics effects of stenotic region. A theoretical model of Casson hybrid nano fluid in a curved annulus was proposed by Shahzadi and Ijaz[11] They observed that stress formation in a curve for non-Newtonian parameter is higher than that of viscus case. Hemodynamic parameters were analyzed to better understand the formation and evolution of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid artery bifurcation by viewing physiological conditions first as normal and subsequently as hypertension disorder. Haik et al.[19] studied the biomagnetic fluid in the Scientific Reports | (2021) 11:23835 |

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Results

Conclusion