Abstract
Nickel doping into ZnO induces morphological change, causes enhancement in the defect states, and leads to better exploitation of visible photons. Nickel ions have a solubility limit of 3% in ZnO, as beyond that, the formation of NiO causes a change of nickel coordination from tetrahedral to octahedral. This changes the hybridization of VB and CB of ZnO, resulting in modulation of the band gap. Raman studies indicate an increase in defect states of ZnO, whereas the PL spectra depict a decrease in its emission due to the trapping of charge carriers by the defect states.
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