Abstract
AbstractPolymers with low environmental impact are of great interest worldwide to reduce greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) and soil and water contamination. Evaluating the biodegradation process of biopolymeric matrices obtained from different biodegradable biopolymers is a priority. This work evaluated the behavior of a foamed material based on biopolymers under the ISO 14855‐2: 2007 standard under simulated natural environmental conditions and its ecotoxic potential of the material residues in the growth of seeds Phaseolus vulgaris. A percentage of biodegradation was obtained in the TPS/PLA samples: 84.7 ± 0.3%; 0% MG: 89.1 ± 0.4%; 2% MG: 82.4 ± 0.4%; 3% MG: 82.0 ± 0.%1; 6% MG: 81.0 ± 0.3%; TPSEG: 66.7 ± 2.4%, and TPSE: 62.9 ± 1.0%; having microcrystalline cellulose as a control sample. CH stretch bands were identified at 728 cm–1 related to PBAT vibration that remained constant in the samples containing PHA, evidencing that this material is not an alternative to elaborate foamed materials to improve their biodegradation. Protein‐based samples increase their biodegradation rate, while based samples PHA remain resilient over time due to the blend of the polymer and the presence of PLA (1437.5 cm–1). The low or high decomposition of the material in weight loss corroborated this behavior of both blends. Regarding the ecotoxicity of the samples, there was no significant difference.
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