Abstract
From 26 March to 30 March 2021, a severe mixed haze and dust pollution process occurred in Jinan, China. Ground light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and satellite radar were used to observe and analyze the mixed pollution. In this study, a variety of data, including the pollutant concentration, meteorological factors, radiosonde data, and Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) satellite data, as well as back-trajectory analysis, were employed to analyze the causes of the mixed pollution. The results show that, at the beginning of this weather process, fine particulate matter such as PM2.5 was the main source of pollution, and the low air mass transporting the main pollution originated from nearby cities and polluted industrial areas. After 28 March, due to the influence of a high-altitude Mongolian air mass, the concentration of coarse particulate matter such as PM10 increased significantly. The surface temperature, humidity, and wind speed also affected the accumulation of pollutants, which affected the timely diffusion of the pollution. In this study, ground LiDAR and satellite-based radar were used to detect the pollution. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the various meteorological factors, the formation and influence of the pollution were investigated from various perspectives. The extinction coefficient reflected the PM2.5 concentration, verifying the effectiveness of LiDAR in pollution concentration detection. The variation in the boundary layer height also had an important effect on pollution dissipation.
Highlights
Haze contains a large number of fine particles [8], including a high concentration of PM2.5, which can enter the respiratory tract through the alveoli, having an impact on human health [9]
The results of this study provide a reference for improving research on mixed haze and dust pollution in the future
It should be noted that, at the bottom of the dust, pollution dust appeared in combination with ground pollution, forming mixed haze and dust pollution
Summary
Aerosols are composed of suspended solid particles and gas particles in the atmosphere [1]. The characteristics of aerosols have a certain impact on the air quality and climate change, affecting people’s daily lives [2,3]. As an important factor in the atmospheric water cycle and radiation budget, aerosols have a certain impact on the regional climate and even the global climate [6,7]. Haze contains a large number of fine particles [8], including a high concentration of PM2.5 , which can enter the respiratory tract through the alveoli, having an impact on human health [9]. Dust is a common component of atmospheric aerosol pollution. Aerosols have an important impact on atmospheric radiation and the climate, but they have a large impact on the air quality and environmental ecology [10,11]. Haze and dust cause air pollution, reduce visibility, and affect people’s work and lives. It is necessary to monitor aerosol pollution over the long term
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