Abstract
At the article is to determining an effective way to neutralize biodiesel and install optimal and rational parameters of biodiesel neutralization. The investigation of the efficiency of biodiesel neutralization was carried out by mixing it with aqueous citric acid solution (volumetric method) and by spraying an aqueous solution of citric acid over a layer of biodiesel (aerosol method).
Highlights
Different methods have been developed for the purification of biodiesel from catalyst residues, the main ones being so-called "wet" and "dry" biodiesel cleaning
The biodiesel is mixed with acidified water, which results in the neutralization of the catalyst with the formation of salts of acids that pass into soap stock
The components are mixed on a magnetic stirrer at a temperature of 40 °C for 15 min, after which the reaction products are poured into a separating funnel, where they are separated for two hours on methyl ether and crude glycerin
Summary
Different methods have been developed for the purification of biodiesel from catalyst residues, the main ones being so-called "wet" and "dry" biodiesel cleaning. Manufacturers of ion-exchange resins recommend not to exceed the concentration of 500 grams per ton of soap in crude biodiesel, otherwise the quality of cleaning is reduced. Biodiesel, manufactured using a homogeneous catalyst, requires neutralization [3] For this purpose, the biodiesel is mixed with acidified water (in the case of an alkaline catalyst), which results in the neutralization of the catalyst with the formation of salts of acids (soaps) that pass into soap stock. In the case described [6] neutralization was carried out with four strong concentrated inorganic acids, namely phosphoric, sulfuric, hydrochloric, perchloric and with an organic one – acetic acid. In many cases [7], [8], [9] phosphoric acid is used to neutralize biodiesel, sometimes sulfuric acid [10], hydrochloric acid or ammonium chloride is being applied [11]. In the case of low concentrations of acid in aqueous solution (carbon dioxide), the acidity of biodiesel is less than 0.5 m / kg, but the saponification of biodiesel takes longer
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