Study of maternal and perinatal outcome in placenta previa at a tertiary care centre

Abstract

Context: Placenta previa complicates 0.3-0.5% of all pregnancies and is a leading cause of third trimester haemorrhage. Placenta previa is associated with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study was to know the incidence, demographic factors, risk factors, maternal and perinatal outcome in women with placenta previa.Aims1. Estimate the incidence of placenta previa 2. To study the demographic profile, risk factors, maternal and perinatal outcome in women with placenta previaSettings and design: Observational study Material and Methods: This is a prospective observational study done in KIMS Hubli, a tertiary referral hospital from June 2017-November 2019. All cases of placenta previa after 24 weeks of gestation were included in the study. The demography, risk factors, maternal and perinatal outcome was studied. Statistical analysis used: IBM SPSS version 22 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The incidence of placenta previa was 0.7%. Incidence of placenta previa was highest in the age group 20-29 years (83.6%) and 42.6% were multiparous. 35 women had PPH. 13 women had to undergo hysterectomy. 4 for placenta accreta and 9 for atonic PPH (Post-Partum Haemorrhage) for failed medical and conservative surgical procedures. Perinatal mortality was 14.85% with 12 still birth and 18 early neonatal deaths. Perinatal morbidity in terms of admission to NICU was seen in 26.7% (54 babies). There were no maternal deaths. Conclusion: In our study placenta previa was more common in the age group 20-30 years and in multi gravida. 85% of cases underwent caesarean delivery. Management of Placenta previa is associated with increase in incidence of maternal and perinatal complications. Therefore, all cases of placenta previa should be managed in a tertiary care centre to reduce maternal and perinatal complications.