Abstract
This article presents a change in the indicators of a compression ignition (CI) engine by replacing conventional diesel fuel (D100) with pure chicken fat (F100) and mixtures of these fuels. Mixtures of diesel and fat with volume ratios of 70/30, 50/50 and 30/70 were used. Research of the fuel properties was conducted. In order to reduce the fuel viscosity, blends of fat and diesel were heated. The experimental research was conducted at different engine loads with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) both off and on. The conducted analysis of the combustion process revealed a significant change in the rate of heat release (ROHR) when replacing diesel with chicken fat. Chicken fat was found to increase the CO2 and CO emissions, leaving hydrocarbon (HC) emissions nearly unchanged. Having replaced the D100 with diesel and chicken fat mixtures or F100, a significant reduction in smoke and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions was observed when EGR was off. When EGR was on, the smoke level increased, but the blends with chicken fat reduced it significantly, and the increased fat content in the fuel mixture reduced the NOx emissions. The engine’s brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) increased while the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) decreased, having replaced conventional diesel with chicken fat due to differences in the fuel energy properties and the combustion process.
Highlights
Climate change and its effects have been reflected in human activities related to both mobility and the reduction of environmental pollution [1]
The following conclusions were made, having conducted the experimental research of a compression ignition engine running on pure conventional diesel (D100) fuel and pure chicken fat (F100), as well as mixtures of these fuels (D70F30, D50F50 and D30F70) at various engine loads with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on and off, as well as numerical analysis of the combustion process: 1. When using fuel which contains chicken fat, the fuel was heated to ~50 ◦C in order to reduce the high viscosity and fuel filter plugging
The specific fuel mass consumption (BSFC_m) of the F100 fuel increased by ~16% when EGR was off and by ~18% when EGR was on, due to a lower chicken fat lower heating value (LHV) and a lower combustion thermal efficiency
Summary
Climate change and its effects have been reflected in human activities related to both mobility and the reduction of environmental pollution [1]. It can be concluded that there are relatively few studies on the indicators of compression ignition engines running on mixtures of chicken fat and diesel compared with other alternative fuels (e.g., biodiesel and hydrogen) These studies were observed to not use the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system. The start of combustion (SOC), temperature, rise in temperature and rise in pressure in the cylinder were determined These combustion process indicators provided additional information for analyzing the environmental and energy indicators of an engine running on conventional diesel and chicken fat fuel mixtures
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