Study of Immature Platelet Fraction, Mean Platelet Volume and Interleukin-6 in Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in India

Abstract

Background In the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), platelets play a key role. The immature platelet fraction (IPF) is thought to be a possible indicator of activation of platelets and turnover processes. Younger platelets have a higher thrombotic potential and combine with collagen faster, which might compromise their ability to maintain hemostasis and lead to the development of thrombus. MPV measurements show platelet activation. IL-6 plasma levels seem to indicate the degree of latent plaque inflammation and, thus, may indicate susceptibility to plaque rupture. Aims and Objectives To estimate the levels of IPF, MPV and IL-6 in ACS and to find out the association and correlation of IPF, MPV and IL-6 with ACS. Material and Method Seventy patients of ACS fitting the Universal criteria of Myocardial infarction as cases and 70 healthy controls were included in the study. MPV, IPF, and IL6 were analyzed in all the cases and controls using various statistical tools. Result MPV (fl) was the best predictor among all parameters at a cutoff point of >4.2, with an AUC of 0.855 for correctly predicting STEMI. IPF came out to be a reasonably good marker for predicting STEMI, with a mean of 8.71 ± 5.39. IL-6 in NSTEMI was significantly higher than in controls ( P = .004) and was comparable with UA ( P = .09). Conclusion The current study’s findings seem to confirm that elevated MPV and IPF are important ancillary indicators in the assessment of ACS.