Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine the antidiabetic effects of oral administration of Punica granatum L. extract on serum and tissues of streptozotocin induced diabetic rabbits at 100 mg/kg. The present study was carried out at the Faculty of veterinary Medicine, Tikrit University, from February to August 2017 for 10 weeks. For this purpose, 30 rabbits were randomly separated into three groups, each containing 10 animals: Group 1, healthy control rabbits; Group 2, diabetic rabbits received streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg); Group 3, diabetic rabbits treated with PS extract (the 100 mg PS+1 ml DW) for 21 days. At the end of experiment, blood samples were taken for measuring serum biochemical parameters. For histopathological evaluation, sections of kidneys were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and 5micron thick sections with H&E stain were prepared using routine histopathological techniques. The treatment revealed that PSE extract significant decreased serum glucose throm-bospondin-1, nitric oxide, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase alkaline phosphatase, and C-reactive protein in diabetic treated rabbits as compared to diabetic rabbits. Histopathology of kidney showed lesions similar to human glomeruloscleroses, glomerular membrane thickening, arteriolar hyalinization and tubular necrosis. From the above one can conclude that PSE extract possess nephroprotective effect in experimentally induced diabetic rabbits.
Highlights
In diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic hyperglycaemia produces multiple biochemical sequelae, characterized by hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, which have a severe impact on public health [1]
Whereas treatment with PSE extract led to a significant increment in the levels of glucose TSP1, NO, ALT, LDH, ALP, TNF-α, C-RP compared with diabetic group
Sections of the kidney in diabetic rabbits treated with pomegranate showed, arterioles constricted, having thick wall, the epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules are vacuolated (Figure 4), some of epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubules degenerated, and some of the glomeruli are collapsed but most of them nearly return to normal number and diameter (Figure 5, 6)
Summary
In diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic hyperglycaemia produces multiple biochemical sequelae, characterized by hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, which have a severe impact on public health [1]. Biological actions of pomegranate fruit that lead it to be considered as a healthy fruit are due to its potent phytochemicals contents that scavenge wide spectrum of free radicals [5]. This great action of pomegranate is ascribed to a large number of phytochemicals therein including hydrolysable tannins and phenolic compounds found in different parts of this miracle fruit [6,7]. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential ameliorative effect of PSE in serum and tissues of streptozotocin induced diabetic rabbits
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