Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 is an infectious disease that was found at the end of 2019. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was recognized as the virus that leads to COVID-19. The study was directed to find out the hematological parameter changes in COVID-19 patients according to the severity of the disease. Methods: The study has been done in two centers Sulaymaniyah and Duhok Governorates for a period of six months between September 2021 to March 2022. A total of 201 enrolled patients were included. For each patient demographic characteristics and blood test results (total and differential WBC, Hb, platelet, ferritin, CRP, D-dimer, NLR, PLR) were collected, following the severity of the disease and the outcome of each one of the patients. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results: The study revealed that female patients were more than males 60.2% and 39.8% respectively with an overall mean age of 54.65±17 years. The mean duration of hospitalization is 14.4 ± 7.7 days. Furthermore, the study showed that patients had 30.8% leukocytosis,17.4% lymphopenia, and 31.8% neutrophilia. Higher NLR and PLT are seen in severe cases with NLR ≥3.1and PLR ≥ 285. Also, high levels of CRP, D-dimer, and ferritin were seen in severe COVID-19 patients. Conclusions: Changes in hematological parameters can be useful in predicting of the disease severity of COVID-19 patients.
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