Abstract
BackgroundAs a kind of potential probiotic, Akkermansia muciniphila abundance in human body is directly causally related to obesity, diabetes, inflammation and abnormal metabolism. In this study, A. muciniphila dynamic cultures using five different media were implemented in an in vitro bionic intestinal reactor for the first time instead of the traditional static culture using brain heart infusion broth (BHI) or BHI + porcine mucin (BPM).ResultsThe biomass under dynamic culture using BPM reached 1.92 g/L, which improved 44.36% compared with the value under static culture using BPM. The biomass under dynamic culture using human mucin (HM) further increased to the highest level of 2.89 g/L. Under dynamic culture using porcine mucin (PM) and HM, the main metabolites were short-chain fatty acids (acetic acid and butyric acid), while using other media, a considerable amount of branched-chain fatty acids (isobutyric and isovaleric acids) were produced. Under dynamic culture Using HM, the cell diameters reached 999 nm, and the outer membrane protein concentration reached the highest level of 26.26 μg/mg.ConclusionsThis study provided a preliminary theoretical basis for the development of A. muciniphila as the next generation probiotic.
Highlights
As a kind of potential probiotic, Akkermansia muciniphila abundance in human body is directly causally related to obesity, diabetes, inflammation and abnormal metabolism
The biomass under the advanced bionic intestinal reactor (ABIR) dynamic culture increased steadily after 37 h and reached 1.92 g/L at 48 h, which was 44.36% higher than that of the static culture (1.33 g/L)
Considerable differences were observed in terms of yields of propionic acid, isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid (p < 0.01)
Summary
As a kind of potential probiotic, Akkermansia muciniphila abundance in human body is directly causally related to obesity, diabetes, inflammation and abnormal metabolism. A. muciniphila dynamic cultures using five different media were implemented in an in vitro bionic intestinal reactor for the first time instead of the traditional static culture using brain heart infusion broth (BHI) or BHI + porcine mucin (BPM). In terms of in vitro culture of A. muciniphila, the traditional way was to use brain heart infusion broth (BHI) or BHI + porcine mucin (BPM) in an anaerobic bottle. Porcine mucin (PM) was the key component of A. muciniphila media in most reports. For simulation of A. muciniphila physiological state in human body, using human mucin (HM) instead of PM for in vitro culture is one key issue of great significance. As far as we know, the in vitro culture of A. muciniphila using HM has not been reported yet
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