STUDY OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES OF SEED POTATO PLANTS DEPENDING ON FERTILIZER, GROWTH REGULATOR AND EXTRA-ROOT NUTRIENTS

Abstract

The article presents the results of studies of the influence of technological methods of cultivation on the processes of growth and development of seed potato plants. The highest rates of linear growth of plant height were noted in the variant where the growth regulator Emistim C was applied against the background of fertilizer N46P46K46, both during the treatment of tubers and in the germination phase, as well as two foliar fertilizing in the budding phase and after flowering with Micro-Mineralis microfertilizer. At the same time, the height of plants was 79.2 and 75.0 cm, which is 9.2 and 8.2 cm higher than in the control variant, the number of tubers was 8.5 and 6.5 pcs, the number of stems per plant was 4.8 and 4.5 pcs, the leaf surface area was 22.7 and 22.0 thousand m2/ha. The weight of potato tubers, as well as marketability depended on the intensification of technological methods of cultivation. The highest mass of planting tubers, as well as their marketability, was noted in the variant where the growth regulator Emistim C was applied against the background of fertilizer N46P46K46, both during the processing of tubers and the germination phase, as well as two foliar fertilizing in the budding phase and after flowering with Micro-Mineralis microfertilizer - 84.5 and 75.5 g, which is 4.0 g higher than the control variant, as well as marketability of 90 and 74%, which is 6 and 4.5% higher than the control variant, respectively, in varieties Bellarosa and Opillya. Potato yields primarily depended on varietal characteristics. The highest potato yield was noted in the Bellarosa variety - 29.9 t/ha, compared to the Opillya variety - 19.5 t/ha. The use of growth regulator Emistim C in the treatment of potato tubers on the background of fertilizer N46P46K46 increased the level of yield to 30.3 and 19.5 t/ha, with the combined treatment of tubers and in the phase of germination with the growth regulator Emistim C, the yield of potatoes was 30.7 and 20.2 t/ha, respectively. The highest level of productivity was noted in the variant where the growth regulator Emistim C was applied against the background of fertilizer N46P46K46, both in the treatment of tubers and in the germination phase, as well as two foliar fertilizing in the budding phase and after flowering with Micro-Mineralis microfertilizer - 33.0 and 22.9 t/ha, which is higher than in the control variant by 3.1 and 3.4 t/ha, respectively.