Study of ground state properties of carbon isotopes with deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum

Abstract

Ground state properties of carbon isotopes, including root-mean-square radii, neutron separation energies, single particle spectra, and shapes are systematically studied with the deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum. The calculations with the effective interaction PK1 reproduce the available data reasonably well. The shell evolution in this isotopic chain is investigated by examining the single particle spectra. The inversion of neutron orbitals ν2s1/2 and ν1d5/2 compared with the order of neutron orbitals in stable nuclei is revealed in C15−20,22 when these nuclei are constrained to spherical shape. Neutron halos in 15,19,22C are studied in detail and their halo structures are mainly caused by the inversion of (ν2s1/2,ν1d5/2) and deformation effects. In particular, 15C and 22C are deformed halo nuclei with shape decoupling effects in ground states.