Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to establish normal reference values for several growth factors in semen and provide a basis for understanding their physiological significance in fertile and infertile subjects. Methods: 110 infertile men semen was evaluated according to WHO standards and by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA kit protocol) to determine the rate of growth factors (TGFβ1, IGFI, EGF). We have also listed neutrophils by staining with peroxidase to examine the association of inflammation with the levels of these factors. The determination of the epididymal (alpha-1,4-glucosidase) marker was directed according to the technical recommended by the WHO in 2010. Each patient received a hormonal balance including the determination of plasma FSH, LH and Testosterone. Results: Concentrations of TGFβ1 were significantly higher in (severe and extreme azoospermic, oligospermic) pathological groups compared to the control group (P 0.05) between control and pathological groups. The IGFI is partly testicular and/or epididymal as it is lowered in some patients with obstructive azoospermia. Positive correlations were observed between the seminal IGFI, mobility (r = 0.487) and sperm morphology (r = +0.187). Immunological sperm abnormalities and/or idiopathic do not alter the rate of EGF seminal. There is no significant correlation between seminal EGF or with sperm parameters or with plasma levels of FSH and LH. Conclusion: The growth factors are primarily peptides, handling and identification in a complex environment as the seminal plasma, but it requires a lot of precautions if we do not want to expose to the risk of bad farms/interpretations of data obtained.
Highlights
The relation between the growth factors and the human reproduction represents an increasing perimeter of investigations because of their participation in various aspects of the regulation of the physiology of the male fertility including the functions of the endocrine and exocrine testicle
In the pathological groups, the plasmatic concentrations of the TGF β1, are higher compared to the control group but the difference is not statistically significant (NS; P > 0.05)
As for to the insulin-like growth Factor I (IGF-I), the results showed that this peptide is present in human seminal plasma in controls and infertile patients
Summary
The relation between the growth factors and the human reproduction represents an increasing perimeter of investigations because of their participation in various aspects of the regulation of the physiology of the male fertility including the functions of the endocrine and exocrine testicle. H. Amor et al / Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2 (2014) 16-23 logical concentrations [6] which facilitate the acrosomial reaction and increase the capacity of the spermatozoa to fertilize ovocytes. Amor et al / Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2 (2014) 16-23 logical concentrations [6] which facilitate the acrosomial reaction and increase the capacity of the spermatozoa to fertilize ovocytes Some of these effects are still subject to discussions [7,8]. Results: Concentrations of TGFβ1 were significantly higher in (severe and extreme azoospermic, oligospermic) pathological groups compared to the control group (P < 0.01) This is related to the presence of high levels of leukocytes in the sperm, so a possible inflammation in the genital tract. Conclusion: The growth factors are primarily peptides, handling and identification in a complex environment as the seminal plasma, but it requires a lot of precautions if we do not want to expose to the risk of bad farms/interpretations of data obtained
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