Study of G protein coupling receptors

Abstract

G-protein coupled receptor is a type of cell membrane receptor that plays a crucial role in cellular signaling and is involved in various physiological processes in the human body. They are involved in transmitting signals from the extracellular environment to the inside of the cell, which ultimately leads to various cellular responses. The basic structure of a GPCR consists of a single polypeptide chain that crosses the cell membrane seven times, forming seven transmembrane helices. These helices create a pocket or cleft on the cell surface that acts as the binding site for specific ligands, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, or other signaling molecules. Overall, GPCRs are essential components of cellular communication and play vital roles in maintaining homeostasis and regulating various physiological functions in the human body. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of GPCR structure, mechanism, and physiological relevance, offering a novel framework for comprehending GPCR biology.