Abstract
Ten species of fossil dicotyledonous woods are described from the upper Tertiary sediments (Siwalik Group) of the northeast Himalayan foot hills (Arunachal Pradesh State), India. They show close similarity with wood of extant Shorea (Dipterocarpaceae), Eurphoria (Sapindaceae), Gluta (Anacardiaceae), Cassia, Cynometra, Afzelia– Intsia, Sindora and Albizia (Fabaceae) and Terminalia (Combretaceae). This small floral assemblage is in its composition very similar to that of the Brahmaputra Valley of Assam but differs slightly from the Siwalik flora of the northwestern Himalayas. Comparison with modern plants indicates that the assemblage was dominated by tropical evergreen forest trees along with some littoral and swampy elements. The occurrence of Sindora, a typical Malaysian element, along with some other taxa suggests that an exchange of floral elements took place between India and Southeast Asia during the late Tertiary.
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