Abstract
Numerical and experimental studies were conducted to investigate the flow and heat transfer performance in different detached cooling modules with multiple types of heat exchangers, considering the typical dual heat exchangers in construction machinery cooling modules as examples. The porous media model was used to simulate the heat exchangers, and the multiple reference frame method was used to simulate fan performance. A numerical simulated model of vehicular cooling module was established and verified by experiment. On the basis of it, the numerical study of vehicular detached cooling modules was carried on. First, the detached cooling modules with serial structure were sat up, the influence of position and quantity of air intakes to cooling performance was studied. Then the detached cooling modules with non-serial structure were established, the influence of the position between heat exchangers (HEs) and fan was taken into account. The analysis showed that when the detached cooling modules were arranged in a tandem structure, the number of cooling air inlets was not effective for the performance improvement. When the same heat exchangers and fan were reconstructed in a non-series configuration, the performance improvement was significantly for the heat exchangers were relatively independent and wouldn’t interfere with each other. However, the requirements for the installation space were also severer. What’s more, the relative position between the heat exchangers also had an obvious influence on its performance. The dual heat exchanger non-series structure detached cooling module scheme had more advantages in performance than that in the single heat exchanger scheme or the tandem scheme, and had a higher cooling efficiency. Comparing to tandem cooling module, the detached cooling module can achieve the same heat dissipation at a lower fan speed, reduce the fan power consumption, and can achieve precise cooling on the basis of the controllable blinds installed at the heat exchanger inlet.
Highlights
In the field of commercial vehicles and construction machinery, with the continuous increase of engine power density, heat exchangers with different volumes and functions are increasingly used in vehicle cooling systems [1]
In order to solve the contradiction, foreign well-known construction machinery manufacturers have separated the fan and heat exchanger module to form a separate cooling module to improve the condition of the heat exchanger’ s cooling air inlet temperature and flow condition, to improve the cooling efficiency
Since the heat exchanger is in a "stereoscopic" arrangement and the flow field is generated by the cooling fans, the flow organization of the cooling air is uneven and manifests as a multi-dimensional feature
Summary
In the field of commercial vehicles and construction machinery, with the continuous increase of engine power density, heat exchangers with different volumes and functions are increasingly used in vehicle cooling systems [1]. The flow heat transfer performance test of such new structural cooling modules cannot be carried out in the traditional heat exchanger wind tunnel, and new methods need to be developed to support related research work. Jörg Soldner [6] proposed a similar independent cooling module design and conducted related numerical simulation studies. The research on the three-dimensional non-uniform flow field caused by the multi-heat exchanger and the cooling fan which are set in the independent cooling module is rarely reported in China. Based on the previous research, the performance difference between the series and non-series structure independent cooling modules is further compared and analyzed, which indicates the direction for the design of the independent cooling module
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