Study of etiology, clinical presentation, management procedures performed and complications of urethral stricture patients at a tertiary hospital

Abstract

Background: Urethral stricture is narrowing of a segment of the urethra which is surrounded by corpus spongiosum. The overall incidence of stricture disease varies from 0.6% to 0.9% worldwide. Urethral stricture obstructs lower urinary tract, causes micturition disturbances, can also damage the entire urinary tract, resulting in loss of renal function. In present study we aimed to study etiology, clinical presentation, management procedures and complications of urethral stricture at a tertiary hospital. Material and Methods: Present study was single-center, prospective, observational study, conducted patients diagnosed to have urethral strictures, underwent initial management during the study period and willing to participate. Patients treated by dilatation, Direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU), open surgery (urethroplasty). Results: This study included 50 patients of male and female genders of different age groups. Male to female ratio was 3.55 : 1. Maximum patients (32%) were from the age-group 31-40 years with mean age of 45.7 +16.59 years. Causes of urethral stricture in most of the patients were infections (30%) and trauma (50%). Most patients are treated by the serial urethral dilatation (58%). Other procedures were visual internal urethrotomy (VIU) (26%) and surgery including buccal mucosal graft (BMG) urethroplasty (16%). Postoperatively out of 50 patients 7 patients experienced Pain [14%] and 43 patients doesn‘t have pain in postoperative period. [86%]. About 8 patients have fever in postoperative period [16%] and hematuria is seen in 18 patients [36%]. Conclusion: Trauma and infections were the leading cause of urethral stricture. Visual Internal Urethrotomy and urethroplasty were the mainstay of treatment with satisfactory outcome.