Study of endoscopic transnasal trans-sphenoidal approach in pituitary macroadenoma

Abstract

Introduction: Pituitary Adenomas account for approximately 10-15% of all intracranial tumors. They are classified according to their secretory activity, presenting with varied hormonal and visual symptoms. The aim of treatment of pituitary adenomas is reversal of endocrine dysfunction with preservation of normal pituitary function, along with decompression of nervous structures and control of tumor growth in large tumors. Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to report the efficacy and safety of Trans- Sphenoidal surgery. Material and Methods: 30 cases were included in the study.All patients were assessed clinically for visual symptoms, endocrine signs and symptoms, headache and others. Clinical and radioimaging preoperative assessment was done in all patients. Reassessment was done accordingly in postoperative period and in follow up examination. Immediate postoperative outcome (course), complications, postoperative radiotherapy or medical therapy resultswere assessed. Results: Most common age group was 41-50 years, with male:female incidence 1:1.3. Headache followed by Visual disturbance were the most common clinical symptoms observed. Commonest field defect observed was bitemporal hemianopia. Increased GH level (33%) followed by hyperprolactinemia (13%) were the most common endocrinologic abnormalities. Post operative complications of CSF leak and Diabetes insipidus were observed.